SAI internal peripheral

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Applicable for

STM32MP13x lines, STM32MP15x lines

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1 Article purpose

The purpose of this article is to:

• briefly introduce the SAI peripheral and its main features
• indicate the level of security supported by this hardware block
• explain how each instance can be allocated to the three runtime contexts and linked to the corresponding software components
• explain how to configure the SAI peripheral.

2 Peripheral overview

The SAI (Serial Audio Interface) offers a wide set of audio protocols, such as: I2S standards (LSB or MSB-justified), PCM/DSP, TDM and S/PDIF. The SAI contains two independent audio sub-blocks. Each sub-block has its own clock generator and I/O line controller, and can be configured either as transmitter or receiver.

2.1 Features

Refer to STM32MP13 reference manuals or STM32MP15 reference manuals for the complete feature list, and to the software components, introduced below, to see which features are implemented.

2.2 Security support

All the SAI instances are non secure peripherals.

3 Peripheral usage and associated software

3.1 Boot time

The SAI is not used at boot time.

3.2 Runtime

3.2.1 Overview

SAI instances can be allocated to:

• the Cortex-A7 non-secure for use in Linux with ALSA framework on STM32MP1 Series
• the Cortex-M4 for use in STM32Cube with STM32Cube SAI driver on STM32MP15x lines  only

Chapter #Peripheral assignment exposes which instance can be assigned to which context.

3.2.2 Software frameworks

Internal peripherals software table template

| Audio | SAI | | ALSA framework | STM32Cube SAI driver | |- |}

3.2.2.1 On STM32MP13x lines 

Domain	Peripheral	Software components		Comment
		OP-TEE	Linux
Audio	SAI		ALSA framework

3.2.2.2 On STM32MP15x lines 

Domain	Peripheral	Software components			Comment
		OP-TEE	Linux	STM32Cube
Audio	SAI		ALSA framework	STM32Cube SAI driver

3.2.3 Peripheral configuration

The configuration is applied by the firmware running in the context to which the peripheral is assigned. The configuration can be done alone via the STM32CubeMX tool for all internal peripherals, then manually completed (particularly for external peripherals), according to the information given in the corresponding software framework article.

3.2.3.1 Configuration in Cortex-A7 non-secure software

When the Arm^® Cortex^®-A7 core operates in non-secure access mode, the SAI is controlled by the Linux kernel framework. Refer to SAI Linux driver to drive the SAI through Linux kernel ALSA framework. Refer to Soundcard configuration and SAI device tree configuration to configure the SAI through the Linux kernel device tree.

3.2.4 Peripheral assignment

Internal peripherals assignment table template

| rowspan="4" | Audio
| rowspan="4" | SAI
| SAI1
| 
| ☐
| ☐
| Assignment (single choice)
|-
| SAI2
| 
| ☐
| ☐
| Assignment (single choice)
|-
| SAI3
| 
| ☐
| ☐
| Assignment (single choice)
|-
| SAI4
| 
| ☐
| ☐
| Assignment (single choice)
|-

|}

.4.1 On STM32MP13x lines 

Click on the right to expand the legend...

Check boxes illustrate the possible peripheral allocations supported by STM32 MPU Embedded Software:

• ☐ means that the peripheral can be assigned (☑) to the given runtime context.
• ⬚ means that the peripheral can be assigned to the given runtime context, but this configuration is not supported in STM32 MPU Embedded Software distribution.
• ✓ is used for system peripherals that cannot be unchecked because they are statically connected in the device.

Refer to How to assign an internal peripheral to a runtime context for more information on how to assign peripherals manually or via STM32CubeMX.
The present chapter describes STMicroelectronics recommendations or choice of implementation. Additional possiblities might be described in STM32MP13 reference manuals.

Domain	Peripheral	Runtime allocation			Comment
		Instance	Cortex-A7 secure (OP-TEE)	Cortex-A7 non-secure (Linux)
Audio	SAI	SAI1		☐	Assignment (single choice)
		SAI2		☐	Assignment (single choice)

3.2.4.2 On STM32MP15x lines 

Click on the right to expand the legend...

STM32MP15 internal peripherals

Check boxes illustrate the possible peripheral allocations supported by STM32 MPU Embedded Software:

• ☐ means that the peripheral can be assigned (☑) to the given runtime context.
• ⬚ means that the peripheral can be assigned to the given runtime context, but this configuration is not supported in STM32 MPU Embedded Software distribution.
• ✓ is used for system peripherals that cannot be unchecked because they are statically connected in the device.

Refer to How to assign an internal peripheral to a runtime context for more information on how to assign peripherals manually or via STM32CubeMX.
The present chapter describes STMicroelectronics recommendations or choice of implementation. Additional possiblities might be described in STM32MP15 reference manuals.

Domain	Peripheral	Runtime allocation				Comment
		Instance	Cortex-A7 secure (OP-TEE)	Cortex-A7 non-secure (Linux)	Cortex-M4 (STM32Cube)
Audio	SAI	SAI1		☐	☐	Assignment (single choice)
		SAI2		☐	☐	Assignment (single choice)
		SAI3		☐	☐	Assignment (single choice)
		SAI4		☐	☐	Assignment (single choice)

4 How to go further

STM32L4 STM32H7 SAI training introduces the SAI features and applications. The version of the SAI peripheral in STM32 MPUs differs from the version of the SAI in the STM32 L4, which is covered by this training. As the STM32-MPU SAI has additional features, the versions in STM32H7 and STM32MP1 Series are very close. In consequence this training is also relevant for STM32MP1 Series. The user should refer to the STM32MP13 reference manuals or STM32MP15 reference manuals for a complete description.