1. Supported Flash memory technologies[edit source]
The STM32MP15 boards support different kind of Flash memories:
- SD card on SDMMC interface that is present on EVAL and DISCO boards.
- eMMC on SDMMC interface that is present on EVAL board only.
- Serial NOR Flash on Dual QSPI interface, that is present on EVAL board only.
- NAND Flash on FMC interface, that is present on EVAL board only.
The next section lists all partitions used on STM32MP15 boards (size, name, content) and the following sections shows how they are mapped on the different types of Flash memories.
2. Flash partitions[edit source]
The tables below list the partitions defined for STMP32MP15 boards.
2.1. Minimal[edit source]
Size | Component | Comment |
---|---|---|
Remaining area | userfs | The user file system contains user data and examples |
768 MB | rootfs | Linux root file system contains all user space binaries (executable, libraries, …) and kernel modules |
16 MB | vendorfs | This partition is preferred to the rootfs to put third parties proprietary binaries and ensure that they are not contaminated by any open source licence, such as GPL v3 |
64 MB | bootfs | The boot file system contains:
|
2 MB | ssbl | The second stage boot loader (SSBL) is U-Boot, with its device tree blob (dtb) appended at the end |
256 KB to 512 KB (*) | fsbl | The first stage boot loader is Arm Trusted Firmware (TF-A) or U-Boot Secondary Program Loader (SPL), with its device tree blob (dtb) appended at the end. At least two copies are embedded. Note: due to ROM code RAM needs, FSBL payload is limited to 247 KB. |
(*): the partition size depends on the flash technology, to be aligned on block erase size for NOR (256 KB) / NAND (512 KB)
2.2. Optional[edit source]
Size | Component | Comment |
---|---|---|
256kB (*) | env | This partition is used to store U-Boot environment while booting on NOR flash. For all other flashes, U-Boot environment is stored whether in an EXT4 bootfs partition (eMMC, SD card) or UBIFS volumes (NAND). |
256kB to 512kB (*) | teeh | OP-TEE header |
256kB to 512kB (*) | teed | OP-TEE pageable code and data |
256kB to 512kB (*) | teex | OP-TEE pager |
(*): the partition size depends on the Flash technology as it should be aligned on the block erase size (256kB for NOR and 512kB for NAND).
3. SD card memory mapping[edit source]
The SD card has to be partitioned with GPT format to be recognized by STM32MP15. The easiest way to achieve this is to use STM32CubeProgrammer.
The ROM code search the GPT entries which name begins with "fsbl": fsbl1 and fsbl2 for example.
Note: the SD card can be unplugged from the board and inserted into a Linux host computer for direct partitionning with Linux utilities and access to the bootfs, rootfs and userfs partitions. The file system is Linux EXT4.
4. eMMC memory mapping[edit source]
The eMMC embeds four physical partitions:
- Boot area partition 1: one copy of the FSBL.
- Boot area partition 2: one copy of the FSBL.
- User data area: formatted with GPT partitioning and used to store all remaining partitions.
- Replay Protected Memory Block (RPMB): not shown in the figure below, since not involved in the current boot chain.
STM32CubeProgrammer has to be used to prepare the eMMC with the layout shown below and to populate each partition.
5. NOR memory mapping[edit source]
NOR Flash being expensive, their size is usually limited to the minimum, allowing to store only the bootloaders. The system files (bootfs, rootfs and userfs) are usually stored in another Flash memory: like the SD card in OpenSTLinux distribution.
STM32CubeProgrammer has to be used to prepare the NOR Flash and the SD card with the layout shown below and to populate each partition.
It is possible to use an eMMC card or NAND rather than a SD card as second level Flash memory. It requires to change:
- the Flash memory layout, using STM32CubeProgrammer in order to write the rootfs and userfs to the targeted Flash memory
- the Linux kernel parameters, using U-Boot, in order to indicate where the rootfs and userfs have to be mounted
6. NAND memory mapping[edit source]
STM32CubeProgrammer has to be used to prepare the NAND Flash with the layout shown below, and to populate each partition.