1. Overview[edit | edit source]
This step explains how to connect your host Linux® terminal to your host computer through the ST-LINK/V3EC.
It then describes how to execute basic commands with the Linux command line interface in order to order to get familiar with the Linux console.
2. Serial terminal[edit | edit source]
The serial terminal allows communicating with the board through an UART serial interface.
- Install minicom
sudo apt-get install minicom
- Get the ttyACM device instance that needs to be used to access the ST-LINK/V3EC
ls /dev/ttyACM* /dev/ttyACM0 /dev/ttyACM1
- Connect the minicom to the /dev/ttyACM0 device
minicom -D /dev/ttyACM0 Welcome to minicom 2.8 OPTIONS: I18n Port /dev/ttyACM0, 15:56:03 Press CTRL-A Z for help on special keys
- Press the reset button to reset the board. The boot log should be displayed on the minicom window:
NOTICE: CPU: STM32MP257FAI Rev.Y NOTICE: Model: STMicroelectronics STM32MP257F-EV1 Evaluation Board NOTICE: Board: MB1936 Var1.1 Rev.D-02 NOTICE: Reset reason: Pin reset from NRST (0x2034) INFO: PMIC2 version = 0x11 INFO: PMIC2 product ID = 0x20 INFO: FCONF: Reading TB_FW firmware configuration file from: 0xe011000 INFO: FCONF: Reading firmware configuration information for: stm32mp_io INFO: FCONF: Reading firmware configuration information for: stm32mp_fuse INFO: Using SDMMC INFO: Instance 1 INFO: Boot used partition fsbl1 NOTICE: BL2: v2.10-stm32mp2-r2.0(debug):lts-v2.10.24-dirty(a07367a1) NOTICE: BL2: Built : 16:16:36, Oct 3 2025 INFO: BL2: Loading image id 26 INFO: Loading image id=26 at address 0xe041000 INFO: Image id=26 loaded: 0xe041000 - 0xe048524 INFO: BL2: Doing platform setup INFO: RAM: DDR4 2x16Gbits 2x16bits 1200MHz INFO: Memory size = 0x100000000 (4096 MB) INFO: BL2: Loading image id 1 INFO: Loading image id=1 at address 0xe000000 INFO: Image id=1 loaded: 0xe000000 - 0xe000326 INFO: FCONF: Reading FW_CONFIG firmware configuration file from: 0xe000000 INFO: FCONF: Reading firmware configuration information for: dyn_cfg INFO: FCONF: Reading firmware configuration information for: risaf_config INFO: RISAF2: No configuration in DT, use default INFO: BL31 max size = 0x17000 (94208B) INFO: BL2: Loading image id 3 INFO: Loading image id=3 at address 0xe000000 INFO: Image id=3 loaded: 0xe000000 - 0xe0169f0 INFO: BL2: Loading image id 19 INFO: Loading image id=19 at address 0x81fc0000 INFO: Image id=19 loaded: 0x81fc0000 - 0x81fc39fb INFO: BL2: Loading image id 4 INFO: Loading image id=4 at address 0x82000000 INFO: Image id=4 loaded: 0x82000000 - 0x8200001c INFO: OPTEE ep=0x82000000 INFO: OPTEE header info: INFO: magic=0x4554504f INFO: version=0x2 INFO: arch=0x1 INFO: flags=0x0 INFO: nb_images=0x1 INFO: BL2: Loading image id 8 INFO: Loading image id=8 at address 0x82000000 INFO: Image id=8 loaded: 0x82000000 - 0x820fe7b8 INFO: BL2: Loading image id 2 INFO: Loading image id=2 at address 0x84400000 INFO: Image id=2 loaded: 0x84400000 - 0x8441d2a0 INFO: BL2: Loading image id 5 INFO: Loading image id=5 at address 0x84000000 INFO: Image id=5 loaded: 0x84000000 - 0x841c53b0 NOTICE: BL2: Booting BL31 INFO: Entry point address = 0xe000000 INFO: SPSR = 0x3cd INFO: ARM GICv2 driver initialized NOTICE: BL31: v2.10-stm32mp2-r2.0(debug):lts-v2.10.24-dirty(a07367a1) NOTICE: BL31: Built : 16:16:36, Oct 3 2025 INFO: BL31: Initializing runtime services INFO: BL31: Initializing BL32 I/TC: Early console on UART#2 I/TC: I/TC: Embedded DTB found I/TC: OP-TEE version: 4.0.0-dev (gcc version 13.4.0 (GCC)) #1 Fri Oct 20 18:29:4 I/TC: WARNING: This OP-TEE configuration might be insecure! I/TC: WARNING: Please check https://optee.readthedocs.io/en/latest/architecturel I/TC: Primary CPU initializing I/TC: WARNING: All debug access are allowed I/TC: Override the OTP 124: 0 to 0x18db6 I/TC: WARNING: Embeds insecure stm32mp_provisioning driver I/TC: PMIC STPMIC REFID:2.@ V1.1 I/TC: Platform stm32mp2: flavor PLATFORM_FLAVOR - DT stm32mp257f-ev1.dts I/TC: OP-TEE ST profile: secure_and_system_services [ 0.000000] SCP-firmware 2.13.0-intree-optee-os-4.0.0-dev [ 0.000000] [ 0.000000] [FWK] Module initialization complete! I/TC: Primary CPU switching to normal world boot INFO: BL31: Preparing for EL3 exit to normal world INFO: Entry point address = 0x84000000 INFO: SPSR = 0x3c9 I/TC: Reserved shared memory is disabled I/TC: Dynamic shared memory is enabled I/TC: Normal World virtualization support is disabled I/TC: Asynchronous notifications are enabled U-Boot 2023.10-stm32mp-r3 (Oct 02 2023 - 14:39:59 +0000) CPU: STM32MP257FAI Rev.Y Model: STMicroelectronics STM32MP257F-EV1 Evaluation Board Board: stm32mp2 (st,stm32mp257f-ev1) Board: MB1936 Var1.1 Rev.D-02 DRAM: 4 GiB optee optee: OP-TEE: revision 4.0 (2a5b1d12) I/TC: Reserved shared memory is disabled I/TC: Dynamic shared memory is enabled I/TC: Normal World virtualization support is disabled I/TC: Asynchronous notifications are enabled clk_register: failed to get txbyteclk device (parent of clk_lanebyte) Core: 421 devices, 42 uclasses, devicetree: board WDT: Started watchdog with servicing every 1000ms (32s timeout) NAND: 0 MiB MMC: STM32 SD/MMC: 0, STM32 SD/MMC: 1 Loading Environment from MMC... OK In: serial Out: serial Err: serial Net: eth1: eth1@482c0000, eth0: eth2@482d0000 No EFI system partition No EFI system partition Failed to persist EFI variables Hit any key to stop autoboot: 0 Boot over mmc0! switch to partitions #0, OK mmc0 is current device Scanning mmc 0:8... Found /mmc0_extlinux/stm32mp257f-ev1_extlinux.conf Retrieving file: /mmc0_extlinux/stm32mp257f-ev1_extlinux.conf Retrieving file: /splash_landscape.bmp Select the boot mode 1: OpenSTLinux 2: stm32mp257f-ev1-psci-osi-examples Enter choice: 1: OpenSTLinux Retrieving file: /Image.gz Retrieving file: /st-image-resize-initrd append: root=PARTUUID=e91c4e10-16e6-4c0e-bd0e-77becf4a3582 rootwait rw earlyc0 Retrieving file: /stm32mp257f-ev1.dtb Uncompressing Kernel Image ## Flattened Device Tree blob at 90000000 Booting using the fdt blob at 0x90000000 Working FDT set to 90000000 Loading Ramdisk to 8f7ee000, end 8ffff5e2 ... OK Loading Device Tree to 000000008f7ce000, end 000000008f7eddc9 ... OK Working FDT set to 8f7ce000 Starting kernel ... [ 0.000000] Booting Linux on physical CPU 0x0000000000 [0x411fd040] [ 0.000000] Linux version 6.6.116 (oe-user@oe-host) (aarch64-ostl-linux-gcc 5 [ 0.000000] KASLR disabled due to lack of seed [ 0.000000] Machine model: STMicroelectronics STM32MP257F-EV1 Evaluation Boad [ 0.000000] efi: UEFI not found. [ 0.000000] Reserved memory: created CMA memory pool at 0x00000000f2200000, B [ 0.000000] OF: reserved mem: initialized node linux,cma, compatible id sharl [ 0.000000] OF: reserved mem: 0x00000000f2200000..0x00000000fa1fffff (131072a [ 0.000000] OF: reserved mem: 0x000000000a000000..0x000000000a01ffff (128 Ki0 [ 0.000000] OF: reserved mem: 0x000000000a020000..0x000000000a02ffff (64 KiB0 [ 0.000000] OF: reserved mem: 0x000000000a030000..0x000000000a03dfff (56 KiB0 [ 0.000000] OF: reserved mem: 0x000000000a03e000..0x000000000a03ffff (8 KiB)0 [ 0.000000] OF: reserved mem: 0x000000000a040000..0x000000000a040fff (4 KiB)0 [ 0.000000] OF: reserved mem: 0x000000000a041000..0x000000000a041fff (4 KiB)0 [ 0.000000] OF: reserved mem: 0x000000000a042000..0x000000000a042fff (4 KiB)0 [ 0.000000] OF: reserved mem: 0x000000000a043000..0x000000000a05ffff (116 Ki0 [ 0.000000] OF: reserved mem: 0x000000000a060000..0x000000000a07ffff (128 Ki0 [ 0.000000] OF: reserved mem: 0x000000000a080000..0x000000000a09efff (124 Ki0 [ 0.000000] OF: reserved mem: 0x000000000a09f000..0x000000000a09ffff (4 KiB)0 [ 0.000000] Reserved memory: created DMA memory pool at 0x00000000200c0000, B [ 0.000000] OF: reserved mem: initialized node cm0-cube-fw@200C0000, compatil [ 0.000000] OF: reserved mem: 0x00000000200c0000..0x00000000200c3fff (16 KiB0 [ 0.000000] Reserved memory: created DMA memory pool at 0x00000000200c4000, B [ 0.000000] OF: reserved mem: initialized node cm0-cube-data@200C4000, compal [ 0.000000] OF: reserved mem: 0x00000000200c4000..0x00000000200c5fff (8 KiB)0 [ 0.000000] Reserved memory: created DMA memory pool at 0x00000000200c6000, B [ 0.000000] OF: reserved mem: initialized node ipc-shmem-2@200C6000, compatil [ 0.000000] OF: reserved mem: 0x00000000200c6000..0x00000000200c7fff (8 KiB)0 [ 0.000000] OF: reserved mem: 0x0000000042000000..0x0000000042000fff (4 KiB)0 [ 0.000000] OF: reserved mem: 0x0000000042001000..0x0000000042001fff (4 KiB)0 [ 0.000000] OF: reserved mem: 0x0000000060000000..0x000000006fffffff (2621440 [ 0.000000] Reserved memory: created DMA memory pool at 0x0000000080000000, B [ 0.000000] OF: reserved mem: initialized node tfm-code@80000000, compatiblel [ 0.000000] OF: reserved mem: 0x0000000080000000..0x00000000800fffff (1024 K0 [ 0.000000] Reserved memory: created DMA memory pool at 0x0000000080100000, B [ 0.000000] OF: reserved mem: initialized node cm33-cube-fw@80100000, compatl [ 0.000000] OF: reserved mem: 0x0000000080100000..0x00000000808fffff (8192 K0 [ 0.000000] Reserved memory: created DMA memory pool at 0x0000000080900000, B [ 0.000000] OF: reserved mem: initialized node tfm-data@80900000, compatiblel [ 0.000000] OF: reserved mem: 0x0000000080900000..0x00000000809fffff (1024 K0 [ 0.000000] Reserved memory: created DMA memory pool at 0x0000000080a00000, B [ 0.000000] OF: reserved mem: initialized node cm33-cube-data@80a00000, compl [ 0.000000] OF: reserved mem: 0x0000000080a00000..0x00000000811fffff (8192 K0 [ 0.000000] Reserved memory: created DMA memory pool at 0x0000000081200000, B [ 0.000000] OF: reserved mem: initialized node ipc-shmem-1@81200000, compatil [ 0.000000] OF: reserved mem: 0x0000000081200000..0x00000000812f7fff (992 Ki0 [ 0.000000] Reserved memory: created DMA memory pool at 0x00000000812f8000, B [ 0.000000] OF: reserved mem: initialized node vdev0vring0@812f8000, compatil [ 0.000000] OF: reserved mem: 0x00000000812f8000..0x00000000812f8fff (4 KiB)0 [ 0.000000] Reserved memory: created DMA memory pool at 0x00000000812f9000, B [ 0.000000] OF: reserved mem: initialized node vdev0vring1@812f9000, compatil [ 0.000000] OF: reserved mem: 0x00000000812f9000..0x00000000812f9fff (4 KiB)0 [ 0.000000] Reserved memory: created DMA memory pool at 0x00000000812fa000, B [ 0.000000] OF: reserved mem: initialized node vdev0buffer@812fa000, compatil [ 0.000000] OF: reserved mem: 0x00000000812fa000..0x00000000812fffff (24 KiB0 [ 0.000000] OF: reserved mem: 0x0000000081300000..0x0000000081fbffff (13056 0 [ 0.000000] OF: reserved mem: 0x0000000081fc0000..0x0000000081ffffff (256 Ki0 [ 0.000000] OF: reserved mem: 0x0000000082000000..0x0000000083ffffff (32768 0 [ 0.000000] OF: reserved mem: 0x00000000fa200000..0x00000000fa7effff (6080 K0 [ 0.000000] OF: reserved mem: 0x00000000fa800000..0x00000000fe7fffff (65536 0 [ 0.000000] OF: reserved mem: 0x00000000fe800000..0x00000000feffffff (8192 K0 [ 0.000000] OF: reserved mem: 0x00000000ff000000..0x00000000ffffffff (16384 0 [ 0.000000] earlycon: stm32 at MMIO 0x00000000400e0000 (options '115200n8') [ 0.000000] printk: bootconsole [stm32] enabled [ 0.000000] NUMA: No NUMA configuration found [ 0.000000] NUMA: Faking a node at [mem 0x0000000080000000-0x000000017ffffff] [ 0.000000] NUMA: NODE_DATA [mem 0x17f7a69c0-0x17f7a8fff] [ 0.000000] Zone ranges: [ 0.000000] DMA [mem 0x0000000080000000-0x00000000ffffffff] [ 0.000000] DMA32 empty [ 0.000000] Normal [mem 0x0000000100000000-0x000000017fffffff] [ 0.000000] Movable zone start for each node [ 0.000000] Early memory node ranges [ 0.000000] node 0: [mem 0x0000000080000000-0x0000000083ffffff] [ 0.000000] node 0: [mem 0x0000000084000000-0x00000000fa1fffff] [ 0.000000] node 0: [mem 0x00000000fa200000-0x00000000fa7effff] [ 0.000000] node 0: [mem 0x00000000fa7f0000-0x00000000fa7fffff] [ 0.000000] node 0: [mem 0x00000000fa800000-0x00000000ffffffff] [ 0.000000] node 0: [mem 0x0000000100000000-0x000000017fffffff] [ 0.000000] Initmem setup node 0 [mem 0x0000000080000000-0x000000017fffffff] [ 0.000000] psci: probing for conduit method from DT. [ 0.000000] psci: PSCIv1.1 detected in firmware. [ 0.000000] psci: Using standard PSCI v0.2 function IDs [ 0.000000] psci: Trusted OS migration not required [ 0.000000] psci: SMC Calling Convention v1.4 [ 0.000000] psci: OSI mode supported. [ 0.000000] percpu: Embedded 22 pages/cpu s49640 r8192 d32280 u90112 [ 0.000000] Detected VIPT I-cache on CPU0 [ 0.000000] alternatives: applying boot alternatives [ 0.000000] Kernel command line: root=PARTUUID=e91c4e10-16e6-4c0e-bd0e-77bec0 [ 0.000000] Dentry cache hash table entries: 524288 (order: 10, 4194304 byte) [ 0.000000] Inode-cache hash table entries: 262144 (order: 9, 2097152 bytes,) [ 0.000000] Fallback order for Node 0: 0 [ 0.000000] Built 1 zonelists, mobility grouping on. Total pages: 1032192 [ 0.000000] Policy zone: Normal [ 0.000000] mem auto-init: stack:all(zero), heap alloc:off, heap free:off [ 0.000000] software IO TLB: area num 2. [ 0.000000] software IO TLB: mapped [mem 0x00000000ee200000-0x00000000f22000) [ 0.000000] Memory: 3718888K/4194304K available (15360K kernel code, 1678K r) [ 0.000000] SLUB: HWalign=64, Order=0-3, MinObjects=0, CPUs=2, Nodes=1 [ 0.000000] rcu: Preemptible hierarchical RCU implementation. [ 0.000000] rcu: RCU event tracing is enabled. [ 0.000000] Trampoline variant of Tasks RCU enabled. [ 0.000000] Tracing variant of Tasks RCU enabled. [ 0.000000] rcu: RCU calculated value of scheduler-enlistment delay is 25 ji. [ 0.000000] NR_IRQS: 64, nr_irqs: 64, preallocated irqs: 0 [ 0.000000] GIC: enabling workaround for 4kB GICC access disabled [ 0.000000] Root IRQ handler: gic_handle_irq [ 0.000000] GIC: Using split EOI/Deactivate mode [ 0.000000] GICv2m: range[mem 0x48090000-0x48090fff], SPI[362:392] [ 0.000000] rcu: srcu_init: Setting srcu_struct sizes based on contention. [ 0.000000] arch_timer: cp15 timer(s) running at 40.00MHz (phys). [ 0.000000] clocksource: arch_sys_counter: mask: 0xffffffffffffff max_cycless [ 0.000000] sched_clock: 56 bits at 40MHz, resolution 25ns, wraps every 4398s [ 0.009157] Console: colour dummy device 80x25 [ 0.012621] Calibrating delay loop (skipped), value calculated using timer f) [ 0.022988] pid_max: default: 32768 minimum: 301 [ 0.027708] LSM: initializing lsm=capability,integrity [ 0.032912] Mount-cache hash table entries: 8192 (order: 4, 65536 bytes, lin) [ 0.040275] Mountpoint-cache hash table entries: 8192 (order: 4, 65536 bytes) [ 0.049050] cacheinfo: Unable to detect cache hierarchy for CPU 0 [ 0.055206] RCU Tasks: Setting shift to 1 and lim to 1 rcu_task_cb_adjust=1 . [ 0.063142] RCU Tasks Trace: Setting shift to 1 and lim to 1 rcu_task_cb_adj. [ 0.072569] rcu: Hierarchical SRCU implementation. [ 0.077172] rcu: Max phase no-delay instances is 1000. [ 0.084733] EFI services will not be available. [ 0.087338] smp: Bringing up secondary CPUs ... I/TC: Secondary CPU 1 initializing I/TC: Secondary CPU 1 switching to normal world boot [ 0.105179] Detected VIPT I-cache on CPU1 [ 0.105276] CPU1: Booted secondary processor 0x0000000001 [0x411fd040] [ 0.105394] smp: Brought up 1 node, 2 CPUs [ 0.114462] SMP: Total of 2 processors activated. [ 0.119188] CPU features: detected: 32-bit EL0 Support [ 0.124376] CPU features: detected: 32-bit EL1 Support [ 0.129536] CPU features: detected: CRC32 instructions [ 0.134766] CPU: All CPU(s) started at EL2 [ 0.138850] alternatives: applying system-wide alternatives [ 0.146828] devtmpfs: initialized [ 0.170293] clocksource: jiffies: mask: 0xffffffff max_cycles: 0xffffffff, ms [ 0.174479] futex hash table entries: 512 (order: 3, 32768 bytes, linear) [ 0.185558] pinctrl core: initialized pinctrl subsystem [ 0.187225] DMI not present or invalid. [ 0.191187] NET: Registered PF_NETLINK/PF_ROUTE protocol family [ 0.197305] DMA: preallocated 512 KiB GFP_KERNEL pool for atomic allocations [ 0.203635] DMA: preallocated 512 KiB GFP_KERNEL|GFP_DMA pool for atomic alls [ 0.211495] DMA: preallocated 512 KiB GFP_KERNEL|GFP_DMA32 pool for atomic as [ 0.219819] thermal_sys: Registered thermal governor 'step_wise' [ 0.219827] thermal_sys: Registered thermal governor 'power_allocator' [ 0.225342] cpuidle: using governor menu [ 0.236023] hw-breakpoint: found 6 breakpoint and 4 watchpoint registers. [ 0.242720] ASID allocator initialised with 65536 entries [ 0.248327] Serial: AMBA PL011 UART driver [ 0.269771] /soc@0/bus@42080000/i2c@40130000/camera@1a: Fixed dependency cyc0 [ 0.275114] /soc@0/bus@42080000/display-controller@48010000: Fixed dependenc0 [ 0.286430] /soc@0/bus@42080000/csi@48020000: Fixed dependency cycle(s) with0 [ 0.296670] /soc@0/bus@42080000/csi@48020000: Fixed dependency cycle(s) witha [ 0.307567] /soc@0/bus@42080000/dcmipp@48030000: Fixed dependency cycle(s) w0 [ 0.318171] /soc@0/bus@42080000/lvds@48060000: Fixed dependency cycle(s) wit0 [ 0.329558] /soc@0/bus@4a000000/funnel@4a020000: Fixed dependency cycle(s) w0 [ 0.339460] /soc@0/bus@4a000000/funnel@4a020000: Fixed dependency cycle(s) w0 [ 0.349720] /soc@0/bus@4a000000/funnel@4a020000: Fixed dependency cycle(s) w0 [ 0.359981] /soc@0/bus@4a000000/funnel@4a020000: Fixed dependency cycle(s) w0 [ 0.370270] /soc@0/bus@4a000000/etf@4a030000: Fixed dependency cycle(s) with0 [ 0.380881] /soc@0/bus@4a000000/etf@4a030000: Fixed dependency cycle(s) with0 [ 0.391161] /soc@0/bus@4a000000/etr@4a040000: Fixed dependency cycle(s) with0 [ 0.401783] /soc@0/bus@4a000000/tpiu@4a050000: Fixed dependency cycle(s) wit0 [ 0.412451] /soc@0/bus@4a000000/replicator@4a060000: Fixed dependency cycle(0 [ 0.423137] /soc@0/bus@4a000000/replicator@4a060000: Fixed dependency cycle(0 [ 0.433753] /soc@0/bus@4a000000/replicator@4a060000: Fixed dependency cycle(0 [ 0.444371] /soc@0/bus@4a000000/stm@4a080000: Fixed dependency cycle(s) with0 [ 0.454657] /soc@0/bus@4a000000/etm@4a240000: Fixed dependency cycle(s) with0 [ 0.464897] /soc@0/bus@4a000000/etm@4a340000: Fixed dependency cycle(s) with0 [ 0.476451] /soc@0/bus@42080000/i2c@40130000/camera@1a: Fixed dependency cyc0 [ 0.486081] /soc@0/bus@42080000/display-controller@48010000: Fixed dependenc0 [ 0.497412] /soc@0/bus@42080000/csi@48020000: Fixed dependency cycle(s) with0 [ 0.507655] /soc@0/bus@42080000/csi@48020000: Fixed dependency cycle(s) witha [ 0.518550] /soc@0/bus@42080000/dcmipp@48030000: Fixed dependency cycle(s) w0 [ 0.529131] /soc@0/bus@42080000/lvds@48060000: Fixed dependency cycle(s) wit0 [ 0.540840] /soc@0/bus@42080000/i2c@40130000/camera@1a: Fixed dependency cyc0 [ 0.551880] /soc@0/bus@42080000/display-controller@48010000: Fixed dependenc0 [ 0.562612] /soc@0/bus@42080000/i2c@40130000/camera@1a: Fixed dependency cyc0 [ 0.573362] /soc@0/bus@42080000/csi@48020000: Fixed dependency cycle(s) with0 [ 0.583573] /soc@0/bus@42080000/csi@48020000: Fixed dependency cycle(s) witha [ 0.594701] /soc@0/bus@42080000/csi@48020000: Fixed dependency cycle(s) with0 [ 0.604757] /soc@0/bus@42080000/dcmipp@48030000: Fixed dependency cycle(s) w0 [ 0.618167] /soc@0/bus@42080000/display-controller@48010000: Fixed dependenc0 [ 0.626407] /soc@0/bus@42080000/lvds@48060000: Fixed dependency cycle(s) wit0 [ 0.645060] /soc@0/bus@4a000000/funnel@4a020000: Fixed dependency cycle(s) w0 [ 0.649689] /soc@0/bus@4a000000/funnel@4a020000: Fixed dependency cycle(s) w0 [ 0.659929] /soc@0/bus@4a000000/funnel@4a020000: Fixed dependency cycle(s) w0 [ 0.670187] /soc@0/bus@4a000000/funnel@4a020000: Fixed dependency cycle(s) w0 [ 0.680466] /soc@0/bus@4a000000/etf@4a030000: Fixed dependency cycle(s) with0 [ 0.691068] /soc@0/bus@4a000000/etf@4a030000: Fixed dependency cycle(s) with0 [ 0.701347] /soc@0/bus@4a000000/etr@4a040000: Fixed dependency cycle(s) with0 [ 0.711963] /soc@0/bus@4a000000/tpiu@4a050000: Fixed dependency cycle(s) wit0 [ 0.722616] /soc@0/bus@4a000000/replicator@4a060000: Fixed dependency cycle(0 [ 0.733298] /soc@0/bus@4a000000/replicator@4a060000: Fixed dependency cycle(0 [ 0.743916] /soc@0/bus@4a000000/replicator@4a060000: Fixed dependency cycle(0 [ 0.754542] /soc@0/bus@4a000000/stm@4a080000: Fixed dependency cycle(s) with0 [ 0.764821] /soc@0/bus@4a000000/etm@4a240000: Fixed dependency cycle(s) with0 [ 0.775057] /soc@0/bus@4a000000/etm@4a340000: Fixed dependency cycle(s) with0 [ 0.785949] /ahb@1/i2c@2/typec@35/connector: Fixed dependency cycle(s) with 0 [ 0.796834] /ahb@1/i2c@2/typec@35/connector: Fixed dependency cycle(s) with 0 [ 0.809194] /soc@0/bus@42080000/lvds@48060000: Fixed dependency cycle(s) wits [ 0.815691] /panel-lvds: Fixed dependency cycle(s) with /soc@0/bus@42080000/0 [ 0.824495] Modules: 25888 pages in range for non-PLT usage [ 0.824503] Modules: 517408 pages in range for PLT usage [ 0.830370] HugeTLB: registered 1.00 GiB page size, pre-allocated 0 pages [ 0.841629] HugeTLB: 0 KiB vmemmap can be freed for a 1.00 GiB page [ 0.847942] HugeTLB: registered 32.0 MiB page size, pre-allocated 0 pages [ 0.854772] HugeTLB: 0 KiB vmemmap can be freed for a 32.0 MiB page [ 0.861084] HugeTLB: registered 2.00 MiB page size, pre-allocated 0 pages [ 0.867916] HugeTLB: 0 KiB vmemmap can be freed for a 2.00 MiB page [ 0.874229] HugeTLB: registered 64.0 KiB page size, pre-allocated 0 pages [ 0.881068] HugeTLB: 0 KiB vmemmap can be freed for a 64.0 KiB page [ 0.889194] ACPI: Interpreter disabled. [ 0.891940] iommu: Default domain type: Translated [ 0.896065] iommu: DMA domain TLB invalidation policy: strict mode [ 0.902582] SCSI subsystem initialized [ 0.906490] usbcore: registered new interface driver usbfs [ 0.911622] usbcore: registered new interface driver hub [ 0.916952] usbcore: registered new device driver usb [ 0.922416] pps_core: LinuxPPS API ver. 1 registered [ 0.926993] pps_core: Software ver. 5.3.6 - Copyright 2005-2007 Rodolfo Giom> [ 0.936206] PTP clock support registered [ 0.940318] EDAC MC: Ver: 3.0.0 [ 0.943733] CPUidle PSCI: Initialized CPU PM domain topology using OSI mode [ 0.950999] scmi_core: SCMI protocol bus registered [ 0.955639] FPGA manager framework [ 0.958752] Advanced Linux Sound Architecture Driver Initialized. [ 0.965826] vgaarb: loaded [ 0.967822] clocksource: Switched to clocksource arch_sys_counter [ 0.973864] VFS: Disk quotas dquot_6.6.0 [ 0.977595] VFS: Dquot-cache hash table entries: 512 (order 0, 4096 bytes) [ 0.984877] pnp: PnP ACPI: disabled [ 0.996802] NET: Registered PF_INET protocol family [ 0.997093] IP idents hash table entries: 65536 (order: 7, 524288 bytes, lin) [ 1.008323] tcp_listen_portaddr_hash hash table entries: 2048 (order: 3, 327) [ 1.012164] Table-perturb hash table entries: 65536 (order: 6, 262144 bytes,) [ 1.019907] TCP established hash table entries: 32768 (order: 6, 262144 byte) [ 1.028111] TCP bind hash table entries: 32768 (order: 8, 1048576 bytes, lin) [ 1.036265] TCP: Hash tables configured (established 32768 bind 32768) [ 1.042047] UDP hash table entries: 2048 (order: 4, 65536 bytes, linear) [ 1.048757] UDP-Lite hash table entries: 2048 (order: 4, 65536 bytes, linear) [ 1.056137] NET: Registered PF_UNIX/PF_LOCAL protocol family [ 1.062059] RPC: Registered named UNIX socket transport module. [ 1.067537] RPC: Registered udp transport module. [ 1.072247] RPC: Registered tcp transport module. [ 1.076980] RPC: Registered tcp-with-tls transport module. [ 1.082502] RPC: Registered tcp NFSv4.1 backchannel transport module. [ 1.089001] PCI: CLS 0 bytes, default 64 [ 1.093210] kvm [1]: IPA Size Limit: 40 bits [ 1.093214] Unpacking initramfs... [ 1.097277] kvm [1]: vgic interrupt IRQ9 [ 1.104823] kvm [1]: Hyp mode initialized successfully [ 1.111379] Initialise system trusted keyrings [ 1.114563] workingset: timestamp_bits=42 max_order=20 bucket_order=0 [ 1.121231] squashfs: version 4.0 (2009/01/31) Phillip Lougher [ 1.127127] NFS: Registering the id_resolver key type [ 1.131920] Key type id_resolver registered [ 1.135953] Key type id_legacy registered [ 1.140045] nfs4filelayout_init: NFSv4 File Layout Driver Registering... [ 1.146727] nfs4flexfilelayout_init: NFSv4 Flexfile Layout Driver Registerin. [ 1.154254] jffs2: version 2.2. (NAND) © 2001-2006 Red Hat, Inc. [ 1.160733] fuse: init (API version 7.39) [ 1.164645] 9p: Installing v9fs 9p2000 file system support [ 1.222771] NET: Registered PF_ALG protocol family [ 1.222822] Key type asymmetric registered [ 1.226125] Asymmetric key parser 'x509' registered [ 1.231070] Block layer SCSI generic (bsg) driver version 0.4 loaded (major ) [ 1.238430] io scheduler mq-deadline registered [ 1.242998] io scheduler kyber registered [ 1.247082] io scheduler bfq registered [ 1.251371] /soc@0/interrupt-controller@44220000: bank0 [ 1.256138] /soc@0/interrupt-controller@44220000: bank1 [ 1.261386] /soc@0/interrupt-controller@44220000: bank2 [ 1.267165] /soc@0/interrupt-controller@46230000: bank0 [ 1.272002] /soc@0/interrupt-controller@46230000: bank1 [ 1.277179] /soc@0/interrupt-controller@46230000: bank2 [ 1.283137] Registering stm32-rifsc firewall controller [ 1.294072] EINJ: ACPI disabled. [ 1.302753] Serial: 8250/16550 driver, 4 ports, IRQ sharing enabled [ 1.306589] STM32 USART driver initialized [ 1.317538] loop: module loaded [ 1.318673] megasas: 07.725.01.00-rc1 [ 1.324799] thunder_xcv, ver 1.0 [ 1.324884] thunder_bgx, ver 1.0 [ 1.325662] nicpf, ver 1.0 [ 1.329091] hns3: Hisilicon Ethernet Network Driver for Hip08 Family - versin [ 1.335645] hns3: Copyright (c) 2017 Huawei Corporation. [ 1.341180] hclge is initializing [ 1.344376] e1000: Intel(R) PRO/1000 Network Driver [ 1.349223] e1000: Copyright (c) 1999-2006 Intel Corporation. [ 1.355148] e1000e: Intel(R) PRO/1000 Network Driver [ 1.360058] e1000e: Copyright(c) 1999 - 2015 Intel Corporation. [ 1.366083] igb: Intel(R) Gigabit Ethernet Network Driver [ 1.371512] igb: Copyright (c) 2007-2014 Intel Corporation. [ 1.377216] igbvf: Intel(R) Gigabit Virtual Function Network Driver [ 1.383371] igbvf: Copyright (c) 2009 - 2012 Intel Corporation. [ 1.389719] sky2: driver version 1.30 [ 1.394008] VFIO - User Level meta-driver version: 0.3 [ 1.399975] usbcore: registered new interface driver usb-storage [ 1.404574] usbcore: registered new device driver onboard-usb-hub [ 1.413312] i2c_dev: i2c /dev entries driver [ 1.416833] arm_smc_wdt watchdog: Watchdog registered (timeout=32 sec, noway) [ 1.424229] sdhci: Secure Digital Host Controller Interface driver [ 1.428558] sdhci: Copyright(c) Pierre Ossman [ 1.433613] Synopsys Designware Multimedia Card Interface Driver [ 1.439728] sdhci-pltfm: SDHCI platform and OF driver helper [ 1.446106] ledtrig-cpu: registered to indicate activity on CPUs [ 1.451909] SMCCC: SOC_ID: ID = jep106:0020:0505 Revision = 0x00000011 [ 1.458475] usbcore: registered new interface driver usbhid [ 1.462971] usbhid: USB HID core driver [ 1.469121] hw perfevents: enabled with armv8_cortex_a35 PMU driver, 7 counte [ 1.477552] optee: probing for conduit method. I/TC: Reserved shared memory is disabled I/TC: Dynamic shared memory is enabled I/TC: Normal World virtualization support is disabled I/TC: Asynchronous notifications are enabled [ 1.479539] optee: revision 4.0 (2a5b1d12) [ 1.502860] optee: Asynchronous notifications enabled [ 1.506482] optee: dynamic shared memory is enabled [ 1.512497] random: crng init done [ 1.515122] optee: initialized driver [ 1.521006] NET: Registered PF_PACKET protocol family [ 1.523931] 9pnet: Installing 9P2000 support [ 1.528031] Key type dns_resolver registered [ 1.545775] registered taskstats version 1 [ 1.546055] Loading compiled-in X.509 certificates [ 1.568055] scmi_protocol scmi_dev.1: Enabled polling mode TX channel - prot6 [ 1.570244] arm-scmi firmware:scmi: SCMI Notifications - Core Enabled. [ 1.576818] arm-scmi firmware:scmi: SCMI Protocol v2.0 'ST:ST' Firmware vers0 [ 1.583099] Freeing initrd memory: 8260K [ 1.589283] cpu cpu0: EM: created perf domain [ 1.594513] scmi-perf-domain scmi_dev.4: Initialized 2 performance domains [ 1.619797] scmi-regulator scmi_dev.7: Regulator vddio1 registered for domai] [ 1.621884] scmi-regulator scmi_dev.7: Regulator vddio2 registered for domai] [ 1.629430] scmi-regulator scmi_dev.7: Regulator vddio3 registered for domai] [ 1.636958] scmi-regulator scmi_dev.7: Regulator vddio4 registered for domai] [ 1.644495] scmi-regulator scmi_dev.7: Regulator reserved registered for dom] [ 1.652216] scmi-regulator scmi_dev.7: Regulator vdda18adc registered for do] [ 1.660037] scmi-regulator scmi_dev.7: Regulator vddcore registered for doma] [ 1.667736] scmi-regulator scmi_dev.7: Regulator v1v8 registered for domain ] [ 1.675208] scmi-regulator scmi_dev.7: Regulator v3v3 registered for domain ] [ 1.682663] scmi-regulator scmi_dev.7: Regulator vdd_emmc registered for dom] [ 1.690468] scmi-regulator scmi_dev.7: Regulator vdd3v3_usb registered for d] [ 1.698447] scmi-regulator scmi_dev.7: Regulator vdd_sdcard registered for d] [ 1.709201] stm32-ipcc 40490000.mailbox: ipcc rev:2.0 enabled, 16 chans, pro0 [ 1.737497] Registering stm32mp25_rcc firewall controller [ 1.739377] stm32-ipcc 46250000.mailbox: ipcc rev:2.0 enabled, 4 chans, proc1 [ 1.746181] stm32mp257-pinctrl soc@0:pinctrl@44240000: GPIOA bank added [ 1.752284] stm32mp257-pinctrl soc@0:pinctrl@44240000: GPIOB bank added [ 1.758193] stm32mp257-pinctrl soc@0:pinctrl@44240000: GPIOC bank added [ 1.764992] stm32mp257-pinctrl soc@0:pinctrl@44240000: GPIOD bank added [ 1.771566] stm32mp257-pinctrl soc@0:pinctrl@44240000: GPIOE bank added [ 1.778257] stm32mp257-pinctrl soc@0:pinctrl@44240000: GPIOF bank added [ 1.785104] stm32mp257-pinctrl soc@0:pinctrl@44240000: GPIOG bank added [ 1.791661] stm32mp257-pinctrl soc@0:pinctrl@44240000: GPIOH bank added [ 1.798427] stm32mp257-pinctrl soc@0:pinctrl@44240000: GPIOI bank added [ 1.805165] stm32mp257-pinctrl soc@0:pinctrl@44240000: GPIOJ bank added [ 1.811597] stm32mp257-pinctrl soc@0:pinctrl@44240000: GPIOK bank added [ 1.818013] stm32mp257-pinctrl soc@0:pinctrl@44240000: Pinctrl STM32 initiald [ 1.827291] stm32mp257-pinctrl soc@0:pinctrl@46200000: GPIOZ bank added [ 1.832091] stm32mp257-pinctrl soc@0:pinctrl@46200000: Pinctrl STM32 initiald [ 1.840120] stm32-dma3 40400000.dma-controller: created LLI gen_pool at 0x00B [ 1.851063] stm32-dma3 40400000.dma-controller: STM32 DMA3 registered rev:1.3 [ 1.856634] stm32-dma3 40410000.dma-controller: created LLI gen_pool at 0x00B [ 1.867638] stm32-dma3 40410000.dma-controller: STM32 DMA3 registered rev:1.3 [ 1.873212] stm32-dma3 40420000.dma-controller: created LLI gen_pool at 0x00B [ 1.882472] stm32-dma3 40420000.dma-controller: STM32 DMA3 registered rev:1.3 [ 1.891499] [drm] Initialized simpledrm 1.0.0 20200625 for fa200000.framebuf0 [ 1.902340] spi-nor spi0.0: mx66l51235f (65536 Kbytes) [ 1.909809] 8 fixed-partitions partitions found on MTD device spi0.0 [ 1.910552] Creating 8 MTD partitions on "spi0.0": [ 1.916064] 0x000000000000-0x000000040000 : "fsbla1" [ 1.921570] 0x000000040000-0x000000080000 : "fsbla2" [ 1.926389] 0x000000080000-0x0000000c0000 : "metadata1" [ 1.931574] 0x0000000c0000-0x000000100000 : "metadata2" [ 1.936821] 0x000000100000-0x000000500000 : "fip-a" [ 1.941725] 0x000000500000-0x000000900000 : "fip-b" [ 1.946647] 0x000000900000-0x000000980000 : "u-boot-env" [ 1.952046] 0x000000980000-0x000004000000 : "nor-user" [ 1.958727] stm32_rtc 46000000.rtc: registered as rtc0 [ 1.961502] stm32_rtc 46000000.rtc: setting system clock to 2000-01-01T00:32) [ 1.971075] stm32_rtc 46000000.rtc: Date/Time must be initialized [ 1.976373] stm32_rtc 46000000.rtc: registered rev:3.4 [ 1.983209] mmci-pl18x 48220000.mmc: Got CD GPIO [ 1.984615] mmci-pl18x 48230000.mmc: mmc1: PL180 manf 53 rev3 at 0x48230000 ) [ 1.986714] mmci-pl18x 48220000.mmc: mmc0: PL180 manf 53 rev3 at 0x48220000 ) [ 1.995407] stm32-usart 400e0000.serial: Wakeup might not be available: No ak [ 2.011419] stm32-usart 400e0000.serial: interrupt mode for rx (no dma) [ 2.017952] stm32-usart 400e0000.serial: interrupt mode for tx (no dma) [ 2.024831] 400e0000.serial: ttySTM0 at MMIO 0x400e0000 (irq = 59, base_baudt [ 2.039910] printk: console [ttySTM0] enabled [ 2.039910] printk: console [ttySTM0] enabled [ 2.043041] printk: bootconsole [stm32] disabled [ 2.043041] printk: bootconsole [stm32] disabled [ 2.058380] input: gpio-keys as /devices/platform/gpio-keys/input/input0 [ 2.060309] clk: Disabling unused clocks [ 2.063692] ALSA device list: [ 2.067185] No soundcards found. [ 2.076824] Freeing unused kernel memory: 3776K [ 2.076950] Run /init as init process [ 2.113129] mmc0: new ultra high speed SDR104 SDHC card at address aaaa [ 2.116983] mmcblk0: mmc0:aaaa SC16G 14.8 GiB [ 2.123705] mmc1: new HS200 MMC card at address 0001 [ 2.124537] mmcblk1: mmc1:0001 004GA1 3.69 GiB [ 2.130929] mmcblk1boot0: mmc1:0001 004GA1 2.00 MiB [ 2.134926] mmcblk0: p1 p2 p3 p4 p5 p6 p7 p8 p9 p10 p11 [ 2.139473] mmcblk1boot1: mmc1:0001 004GA1 2.00 MiB [ 2.145646] mmcblk1rpmb: mmc1:0001 004GA1 512 KiB, chardev (240:0) Starting systemd-udevd version 255.21^ [ 3.516642] EXT4-fs (mmcblk0p10): recovery complete [ 3.518660] EXT4-fs (mmcblk0p10): mounted filesystem c8e2217d-1d77-4a25-859a. ln: /etc/mtab: File exists [ 3.964144] systemd[1]: System time before build time, advancing clock. [ 4.051281] NET: Registered PF_INET6 protocol family [ 4.096961] Segment Routing with IPv6 [ 4.097051] In-situ OAM (IOAM) with IPv6 [ 4.143333] systemd[1]: systemd 255.21^ running in system mode (+PAM -AUDIT ) [ 4.170823] systemd[1]: Detected architecture arm64. Welcome to ST OpenSTLinux - Weston - (A Yocto Project Based Distro) 5.0.15-open! [ 4.206897] systemd[1]: Hostname set to <stm32mp2-e3-eb-e0>. [ 4.256377] systemd[1]: Using hardware watchdog 'arm_smc_wdt', version 0, de0 [ 4.259740] systemd[1]: Watchdog running with a hardware timeout of 32s. [ 4.765063] systemd[1]: Queued start job for default target Multi-User Syste. [ 4.825177] systemd[1]: Created slice Slice /system/getty. [ OK ] Created slice Slice /system/getty. [ 4.842251] systemd[1]: Created slice Slice /system/modprobe. [ OK ] Created slice Slice /system/modprobe. [ 4.862098] systemd[1]: Created slice Slice /system/serial-getty. [ OK ] Created slice Slice /system/serial-getty. [ 4.881447] systemd[1]: Created slice User and Session Slice. [ OK ] Created slice User and Session Slice. [ 4.900349] systemd[1]: Started Dispatch Password Requests to Console Direct. [ OK ] Started Dispatch Password Requests to Console Directory Watch. [ 4.920193] systemd[1]: Started Forward Password Requests to Wall Directory . [ OK ] Started Forward Password Requests to Wall Directory Watch. [ 4.940042] systemd[1]: Expecting device /dev/dri/card0... Expecting device /dev/dri/card0... [ 4.955944] systemd[1]: Expecting device /dev/hwrng... Expecting device /dev/hwrng... [ 4.971923] systemd[1]: Expecting device /dev/tee0... Expecting device /dev/tee0... [ 4.988053] systemd[1]: Reached target Path Units. [ OK ] Reached target Path Units. [ 5.003992] systemd[1]: Reached target Remote File Systems. [ OK ] Reached target Remote File Systems. [ 5.023974] systemd[1]: Reached target Slice Units. [ OK ] Reached target Slice Units. [ 5.040002] systemd[1]: Reached target Swaps. [ OK ] Reached target Swaps. [ 5.094372] systemd[1]: Listening on RPCbind Server Activation Socket. [ OK ] Listening on RPCbind Server Activation Socket. [ 5.116180] systemd[1]: Reached target RPC Port Mapper. [ OK ] Reached target RPC Port Mapper. [ 5.132863] systemd[1]: Listening on Syslog Socket. [ OK ] Listening on Syslog Socket. [ 5.157944] systemd[1]: Listening on Process Core Dump Socket. [ OK ] Listening on Process Core Dump Socket. [ 5.176369] systemd[1]: Listening on initctl Compatibility Named Pipe. [ OK ] Listening on initctl Compatibility Named Pipe. [ 5.202946] systemd[1]: Journal Audit Socket was skipped because of an unmet. [ 5.209140] systemd[1]: Listening on Journal Socket (/dev/log). [ OK ] Listening on Journal Socket (/dev/log). [ 5.232845] systemd[1]: Listening on Journal Socket. [ OK ] Listening on Journal Socket. [ 5.248958] systemd[1]: Listening on Network Service Netlink Socket. [ OK ] Listening on Network Service Netlink Socket. [ 5.268843] systemd[1]: Listening on udev Control Socket. [ OK ] Listening on udev Control Socket. [ 5.284596] systemd[1]: Listening on udev Kernel Socket. [ OK ] Listening on udev Kernel Socket. [ 5.324260] systemd[1]: Mounting Huge Pages File System... Mounting Huge Pages File System... [ 5.349180] systemd[1]: Mounting POSIX Message Queue File System... Mounting POSIX Message Queue File System... [ 5.376415] systemd[1]: Mounting Kernel Debug File System... Mounting Kernel Debug File System... [ 5.392512] systemd[1]: Kernel Trace File System was skipped because of an u. [ 5.424740] systemd[1]: Mounting Temporary Directory /tmp... Mounting Temporary Directory /tmp... [ 5.449325] systemd[1]: Starting Create List of Static Device Nodes... Starting Create List of Static Device Nodes... [ 5.492641] systemd[1]: Starting Load Kernel Module configfs... Starting Load Kernel Module configfs... [ 5.537199] systemd[1]: Starting Load Kernel Module drm... Starting Load Kernel Module drm... [ 5.561277] systemd[1]: Starting Load Kernel Module fuse... Starting Load Kernel Module fuse... [ 5.584851] systemd[1]: Starting Mount partitions... Starting Mount partitions... [ 5.618633] systemd[1]: Starting RPC Bind... Starting RPC Bind... [ 5.632553] systemd[1]: File System Check on Root Device was skipped because. [ 5.647532] systemd[1]: Starting Journal Service... Starting Journal Service... [ 5.677769] systemd[1]: Load Kernel Modules was skipped because no trigger c. [ 5.692706] systemd[1]: Starting Generate network units from Kernel command . Starting Generate network units from Kernel command line... [ 5.729358] systemd-journald[268]: Collecting audit messages is disabled. [ 5.738066] systemd[1]: Starting Remount Root and Kernel File Systems... Starting Remount Root and Kernel File Systems... [ 5.768402] systemd[1]: Starting Apply Kernel Variables... Starting Apply Kernel Variables... [ 5.845788] systemd[1]: Starting Coldplug All udev Devices... Starting Coldplug All udev Devices... [ 5.862456] EXT4-fs (mmcblk0p10): re-mounted c8e2217d-1d77-4a25-859a-4cd122d. [ 5.872903] systemd[1]: Started RPC Bind. [ OK ] Started RPC Bind. [ 5.896245] systemd[1]: Started Journal Service. [ OK ] Started Journal Service. [ OK ] Mounted Huge Pages File System. [ OK ] Mounted POSIX Message Queue File System. [ OK ] Mounted Kernel Debug File System. [ OK ] Mounted Temporary Directory /tmp. [ OK ] Finished Create List of Static Device Nodes. [ OK ] Finished Load Kernel Module configfs. [ OK ] Finished Load Kernel Module drm. [ OK ] Finished Load Kernel Module fuse. [ OK ] Finished Generate network units from Kernel command line. [ OK ] Finished Remount Root and Kernel File Systems. [ OK ] Finished Apply Kernel Variables. [ 6.082705] EXT4-fs (mmcblk0p8): recovery complete [ 6.085318] EXT4-fs (mmcblk0p8): mounted filesystem b050ac53-efc6-4593-845e-. Mounting FUSE Control File System... Mounting Kernel Configuration File System... Starting Flush Journal to Persistent Storage... Starting Create Static Device Nodes in /dev gracefully... [ 6.347099] systemd-journald[268]: Received client request to flush runtime . [ OK ] Mounted FUSE Control File System. [ OK ] Mounted Kernel Configuration File System. [ OK ] Finished Flush Journal to Persistent Storage. [ OK ] Finished Create Static Device Nodes in /dev gracefully. Starting Create Static Device Nodes in /dev... [ 6.520348] EXT4-fs (mmcblk0p9): recovery complete [ 6.522121] EXT4-fs (mmcblk0p9): mounted filesystem dfde358c-6d6e-41ea-ac18-. [ OK ] Finished Create Static Device Nodes in /dev. [ OK ] Reached target Preparation for Local File Systems. Starting Rule-based Manager for Device Events and Files... [ 6.775661] EXT4-fs (mmcblk0p11): recovery complete [ 6.777642] EXT4-fs (mmcblk0p11): mounted filesystem 8f400652-d4b1-4c62-919f. [ OK ] Finished Mount partitions. [ OK ] Started Rule-based Manager for Device Events and Files. Mounting /var/volatile... [ OK ] Mounted /var/volatile. [ OK ] Finished Coldplug All udev Devices. Starting Wait for udev To Complete Device Initialization... Starting Load/Save OS Random Seed... [ OK ] Reached target Local File Systems. Starting Automatic Boot Loader Update... Starting Create System Files and Directories... [ OK ] Finished Load/Save OS Random Seed. [ OK ] Finished Automatic Boot Loader Update. [ OK ] Finished Create System Files and Directories. Starting Network Name Resolution... Starting Network Time Synchronization... Starting Record System Boot/Shutdown in UTMP... [ 8.265578] remoteproc remoteproc0: m0 is available [ 8.294613] stm32-rproc 0.m33: wdg irq registered [ 8.294682] stm32-rproc 0.m33: pdds sys config not defined [ OK ] Finished Record System Boot/Shutdown in UTMP. [ 8.384377] stm32-rproc 0.m33: rsc tbl syscon not supported [ 8.387696] stm32-rproc 0.m33: mbox_request_channel_byname() could not locat" [ 8.422304] usb-stm32-dwc3 42080000.bus:usb@48300000: configured in usb2 mode [ 8.432747] /ahb@1/i2c@2/typec@35/connector: Fixed dependency cycle(s) with 0 [ 8.501634] CAN device driver interface [ 8.504627] remoteproc remoteproc1: cannot get detach mbox [ 8.505514] remoteproc remoteproc1: m33 is available [ 8.517266] /soc@0/bus@42080000/usb@48300000/usb@48300000: Fixed dependency r [ 8.568093] stm32-crc32 404c0000.crc: Initialized [ 8.571476] m_can_platform 402d0000.can: m_can device registered (irq=67, ve) [ OK ] Started Network Time Synchronization. [ OK ] Started Network Name Resolution. [ OK ] Reached target Host and Network Name[ 8.615585] stm32-display-lvds d [ 8.616681] mc: Linux media interface: v0.10 Lookups. [ 8.628122] ehci-platform 482f0000.usb: EHCI Host Controller [ 8.631301] ehci-platform 482f0000.usb: new USB bus registered, assigned bus1 [ 8.645062] ehci-platform 482f0000.usb: irq 70, io mem 0x482f0000 [ 8.645663] /soc@0/bus@42080000/csi@48020000: Fixed dependency cycle(s) witha [ 8.660043] ehci-platform 482f0000.usb: USB 2.0 started, EHCI 1.00 [ 8.668624] m_can_platform 402f0000.can: m_can device registered (irq=72, ve) [ 8.668726] /soc@0/bus@42080000/i2c@40130000/camera@1a: Fixed dependency cyc0 [ OK ] Reached target System Time Set. [ 8.695455] hub 1-0:1.0: USB hub found [ 8.695512] hub 1-0:1.0: 1 port detected [ 8.696598] galcore: loading out-of-tree module taints kernel. [ 8.706113] stm32f7-i2c 40130000.i2c: STM32F7 I2C-0 bus adapter [ 8.716417] stm32-pcie 48400000.pcie: host bridge /soc@0/bus@42080000/pcie@4: [ 8.719251] stm32-pcie 48400000.pcie: IO 0x0010010000..0x001001ffff ->0 [ 8.738306] videodev: Linux video capture interface: v2.00 [ 8.741977] stm32-pcie 48400000.pcie: MEM 0x0010020000..0x0017ffffff ->0 [ 8.746824] stm32-pcie 48400000.pcie: MEM 0x0018000000..0x001fffffff ->0 [ 8.777148] stm32-cryp 42030000.crypto: will run requests pump with realtimey [ 8.782098] stm32-cryp 42030000.crypto: Initialized [ 8.783207] stm32-dwmac 482c0000.eth1: IRQ eth_lpi not found [ 8.789810] Galcore version 6.4.21.1.1058597 [ 8.800390] [drm] Initialized stm 1.0.0 20170330 for 48010000.display-contro0 [ 8.803930] stm32-pcie 48400000.pcie: IB MEM 0x0080000000..0x00ffffffff ->0 [ 8.816586] Registering stm32-dbg-bus firewall controller [ 8.818044] /soc@0/bus@4a000000/funnel@4a020000: Fixed dependency cycle(s) w0 [ 8.822809] stm32-pcie 48400000.pcie: iATU: unroll T, 4 ob, 4 ib, align 64K,G [ 8.845525] /soc@0/bus@4a000000/funnel@4a020000: Fixed dependency cycle(s) w0 [ 8.850347] stm32-dwmac 482c0000.eth1: User ID: 0x1a, Synopsys ID: 0x53 [ 8.868045] /soc@0/bus@4a000000/funnel@4a020000: Fixed dependency cycle(s) w0 [ 8.873142] /soc@0/bus@4a000000/funnel@4a020000: Fixed dependency cycle(s) w0 [ 8.883412] stm32-dwmac 482c0000.eth1: DWMAC4/5 [ 8.894817] /soc@0/bus@4a000000/funnel@4a020000: Fixed dependency cycle(s) w0 [ 8.900018] stm32-csi 48020000.csi: Probed CSI with 2 lanes [ 8.904532] stm32-dwmac 482c0000.eth1: DMA HW capability register supported [ 8.906593] /soc@0/bus@4a000000/etf@4a030000: Fixed dependency cycle(s) with0 [ 8.923890] /soc@0/bus@4a000000/etf@4a030000: Fixed dependency cycle(s) with0 [ 8.936361] /soc@0/bus@4a000000/etr@4a040000: Fixed dependency cycle(s) with0 [ 8.941169] dcmipp 48030000.dcmipp: Probe done [ 8.944263] /soc@0/bus@4a000000/tpiu@4a050000: Fixed dependency cycle(s) wit0 [ 8.959479] /soc@0/bus@4a000000/tpiu@4a050000: Fixed dependency cycle(s) wit0 [ 8.969580] usb 1-1: new high-speed USB device number 2 using ehci-platform [ 8.976846] /soc@0/bus@4a000000/etr@4a040000: Fixed dependency cycle(s) with0 [ 8.987386] /soc@0/bus@4a000000/etf@4a030000: Fixed dependency cycle(s) with0 [ 8.997597] stm32-dwmac 482c0000.eth1: RX Checksum Offload Engine supported [ 8.997964] /soc@0/bus@4a000000/replicator@4a060000: Fixed dependency cycle(0 [ 9.015645] /soc@0/bus@4a000000/replicator@4a060000: Fixed dependency cycle(0 [ 9.026327] /soc@0/bus@4a000000/replicator@4a060000: Fixed dependency cycle(0 [ 9.038026] stm32-dwmac 482c0000.eth1: TX Checksum insertion supported [ 9.044564] stm32-dwmac 482c0000.eth1: Wake-Up On Lan supported [ 9.051587] hantro-vpu 480d0000.vdec: registered st,stm32mp25-vdec-dec as /d5 [ 9.059697] /soc@0/bus@4a000000/funnel@4a020000: Fixed dependency cycle(s) w0 [ 9.070189] stm32-dwmac 482c0000.eth1: TSO supported [ 9.073758] stm32-dwmac 482c0000.eth1: Enable RX Mitigation via HW Watchdog r [ 9.084056] /soc@0/bus@4a000000/stm@4a080000: Fixed dependency cycle(s) with0 [ 9.092723] stm32-dwmac 482c0000.eth1: Enabled L3L4 Flow TC (entries=2) [ 9.097762] stm32-dwmac 482c0000.eth1: Enabled RFS Flow TC (entries=10) [ 9.106141] hantro-vpu 480e0000.venc: registered st,stm32mp25-venc-enc as /d6 [ 9.116006] stm32-dwmac 482c0000.eth1: TSO feature enabled [ 9.118155] stm32-dwmac 482c0000.eth1: Using 32/32 bits DMA host/device width [ 9.133485] hub 1-1:1.0: USB hub found [ 9.133646] hub 1-1:1.0: 4 ports detected [ 9.134402] /soc@0/bus@4a000000/funnel@4a020000: Fixed dependency cycle(s) w0 [ OK ] Found device /dev/hwrng. [ 9.170933] /soc@0/bus@4a000000/etm@4a240000: Fixed dependency cycle(s) with0 [ OK ] Started Hardware RNG Entropy Gatherer Daemon. [ 9.219161] /soc@0/bus@4a000000/funnel@4a020000: Fixed dependency cycle(s) w0 [ OK ] Found device /dev/tee0. [ 9.254979] /soc@0/bus@4a000000/etm@4a340000: Fixed dependency cycle(s) with0 [ OK ] Created slice Slice /system/systemd-backlight. Starting Load/Save Screen Backligh…f backlight:panel-lvds-backlight.. . Starting Virtual Console Setup... [ OK ] Finished Load/Save Screen Backligh… of backlight:panel-lvds-backli[ d ght. [ 9.481859] stm32-dwmac 482d0000.eth2: User ID: 0x1a, Synopsys ID: 0x53 [ 9.482917] stm32-dwmac 482d0000.eth2: DWMAC4/5 [ 9.499752] imx335 0-001a: Error reading reg 0x3912: -6 [ 9.499802] imx335 0-001a: failed to find sensor: -6 [ 9.537145] stm32-dwmac 482d0000.eth2: DMA HW capability register supported [ 9.538505] stm32-dwmac 482d0000.eth2: RX Checksum Offload Engine supported [ 9.546166] stm32-dwmac 482d0000.eth2: TX Checksum insertion supported [ 9.554770] stm32-dwmac 482d0000.eth2: Wake-Up On Lan supported [ 9.559218] stm32-dwmac 482d0000.eth2: TSO supported [ 9.568816] stm32-dwmac 482d0000.eth2: Enable RX Mitigation via HW Watchdog r [ 9.570785] stm32-dwmac 482d0000.eth2: Enabled L3L4 Flow TC (entries=2) [ 9.598097] stm32-dwmac 482d0000.eth2: Enabled RFS Flow TC (entries=10) [ 9.599161] stm32-dwmac 482d0000.eth2: TSO feature enabled [ OK ] Found device /dev/dri/card0. [ 9.645330] stm32-dwmac 482d0000.eth2: Using 32/32 bits DMA host/device width [ OK ] Started Starts Psplash Boot screen. [ OK ] Finished Virtual Console Setup. [ 9.748433] cs_system_cfg: CoreSight Configuration manager initialised [ 9.814669] CSCFG registered etm0 [ 9.814693] coresight etm0: CPU0: etm v4.0 initialized [ 9.823518] coresight-tmc 4a040000.etr: Detected dma mask 32bits [ 9.845291] CSCFG registered etm1 [ 9.845313] coresight etm1: CPU1: etm v4.0 initialized [ 9.920232] coresight cti_sys0: CTI initialized [ 9.923559] coresight cti_sys1: CTI initialized [ 9.925354] coresight cti_cpu0: CTI initialized [ 9.930782] coresight cti_cpu1: CTI initialized [ 9.981584] coresight stm0: STM500 initialized [ 10.063903] stm32-pcie 48400000.pcie: Phy link never came up [ 10.064651] stm32-pcie 48400000.pcie: PCI host bridge to bus 0000:00 [ 10.065725] input: ILI210x Touchscreen as /devices/platform/soc@0/42080000.b1 [ 10.122408] pci_bus 0000:00: root bus resource [bus 00-ff] [ 10.122464] pci_bus 0000:00: root bus resource [io 0x0000-0xffff] (bus addr) [ 10.147732] pci_bus 0000:00: root bus resource [mem 0x10020000-0x17ffffff] [ 10.150916] pci_bus 0000:00: root bus resource [mem 0x18000000-0x1fffffff pr] [ 10.182541] pci 0000:00:00.0: [16c3:0550] type 01 class 0x060400 [ 10.184843] pci 0000:00:00.0: reg 0x10: [mem 0x00000000-0x000fffff] [ 10.225733] pci 0000:00:00.0: reg 0x14: [mem 0x00000000-0x0000ffff] [ 10.226462] pci 0000:00:00.0: supports D1 D2 [ 10.237948] pci 0000:00:00.0: PME# supported from D0 D1 D3hot [ 10.238129] pci 0000:00:00.0: PTM enabled (root), 8ns granularity [ 10.256994] pci 0000:00:00.0: BAR 0: assigned [mem 0x10100000-0x101fffff] [ 10.258261] pci 0000:00:00.0: BAR 1: assigned [mem 0x10020000-0x1002ffff] [ 10.268376] pci 0000:00:00.0: PCI bridge to [bus 01-ff] [ 10.271648] pcieport 0000:00:00.0: PME: Signaling with IRQ 76 [ 10.292267] pcieport 0000:00:00.0: AER: enabled with IRQ 75 [ 10.313580] stm32-dwmac 482d0000.eth2 end0: renamed from eth1 [ 10.337812] stm32-dwmac 482c0000.eth1 end1: renamed from eth0 [ 10.478367] configfs-gadget.g1 gadget.0: HOST MAC 3c:4e:f7:fd:3b:4c [ 10.479026] configfs-gadget.g1 gadget.0: MAC 8a:f2:33:85:be:d4 [ OK ] Reached target Hardware activated USB gadget. [ OK ] Finished Wait for udev To Complete Device Initialization. [ OK ] Reached target System Initialization. [ OK ] Started Serves stm32mp clocks calibration.. [ OK ] Started Daily Cleanup of Temporary Directories. [ OK ] Reached target Timer Units. [ OK ] Listening on Avahi mDNS/DNS-SD Stack Activation Socket. [ OK ] Listening on D-Bus System Message Bus Socket. [ OK ] Listening on dropbear.socket. [ OK ] Reached target Socket Units. [ OK ] Reached target Basic System. Starting ST set alsa state configuration... Starting Avahi mDNS/DNS-SD Stack... Starting Bluetooth brcmfmac reboot hook... [ OK ] Started Kernel Logging Service. [ OK ] Started System Logging Service. Starting D-Bus System Message Bus... Starting IPv6 Packet Filtering Framework... Starting IPv4 Packet Filtering Framework... [ OK ] Started Seat for Weston user. Starting ST Load M33 firmware via remoteproc... [ OK ] Started Calibrates HSI/CSI clocks. Starting Resets System Activity Logs... Starting User Login Management... Starting TEE Supplicant... Starting Check if the gpu are pres…the correct weston configuration.. . [ OK ] Started D-Bus System Message Bus. [ OK ] Finished Bluetooth brcmfmac reboot hook. [ OK ] Finished IPv6 Packet Filtering Framework. [ OK ] Finished IPv4 Packet Filtering Framework. [ OK ] Finished Resets System Activity Logs. [ OK ] Finished ST set alsa state configuration. [ 12.334716] Default copro already stopped [ OK ] Started User Login Management. [ OK ] Reached target Preparation for Network. Starting Network Configuration... [ OK ] Started TEE Supplicant. [ 12.491373] remoteproc remoteproc1: powering up m33 [ 12.499486] remoteproc remoteproc1: Booting fw image USBPD_DRP_UCSI_CM33_Non8 [ OK ] Started Avahi mDNS/DNS-SD Stack. [ 12.514887] rproc-virtio rproc-virtio.2.auto: assigned reserved memory node 0 [ 12.520469] rproc-virtio rproc-virtio.2.auto: registered virtio0 (type 7) [ 12.539073] remoteproc remoteproc1: remote processor m33 is now up [ 12.541244] Booting fw image for stm32mp257f-ev1 [ 12.552209] virtio_rpmsg_bus virtio0: rpmsg host is online [ OK ] Finished ST Load M33 firmware via remoteproc. [ OK ] Finished Check if the gpu are pres…t the correct weston configuration. [ 12.800952] cfg80211: Loading compiled-in X.509 certificates for regulatory e [ OK ] Listening on Load/Save RF Kill Switch Status /dev/rfkill Watch. [ 12.823096] Loaded X.509 cert 'sforshee: 00b28ddf47aef9cea7' [ 12.824813] Loaded X.509 cert 'wens: 61c038651aabdcf94bd0ac7ff06c7248db18c60' [ OK ] Started Network Configuration. [ OK ] Reached target Network. [ 12.922879] stm32-dwmac 482c0000.eth1 end1: Register MEM_TYPE_PAGE_POOL RxQ-0 [ 12.925082] stm32-dwmac 482c0000.eth1 end1: Register MEM_TYPE_PAGE_POOL RxQ-1 [ OK ] Started IIO Daemon. Starting Real time performance monitoring... Starting ST hostname... Starting Permit User Sessions... Starting Target Communication Framework agent... [ 13.115950] stm32-dwmac 482c0000.eth1 end1: PHY [stmmac-1:04] driver [RTL821) [ 13.127930] dwmac4: Master AXI performs any burst length [ 13.128008] stm32-dwmac 482c0000.eth1 end1: No Safety Features support found [ OK ] Finished Permit User Sessions. [ OK ] Started Getty on tty1. [ OK ] Started Serial Getty on ttySTM0. [ OK ] Reached target Login Prompts. Starting Weston graphical session... [ 13.410729] stm32-dwmac 482c0000.eth1 end1: IEEE 1588-2008 Advanced Timestamd [ 13.414978] stm32-dwmac 482c0000.eth1 end1: registered PTP clock [ 13.435005] stm32-dwmac 482c0000.eth1 end1: FPE workqueue start [ 13.435366] stm32-dwmac 482c0000.eth1 end1: configuring for phy/rgmii-id line [ OK ] Started Real time performance monitoring. [ 13.475216] virtio_rpmsg_bus virtio0: creating channel rpmsg-intc addr 0x400 [ 13.485759] virtio_rpmsg_bus virtio0: creating channel rpmsg_i2c addr 0x401 [ 13.487357] rpmsg_i2c virtio0.rpmsg_i2c.-1.1025: new channel: 0x401 -> 0x401! [ 13.498783] stm32-dwmac 482d0000.eth2 end0: Register MEM_TYPE_PAGE_POOL RxQ-0 [ 13.502198] stm32-dwmac 482d0000.eth2 end0: Register MEM_TYPE_PAGE_POOL RxQ-1 [ OK ] Started Target Communication Framework agent. [ OK ] Finished ST hostname. [ 13.692904] stm32-dwmac 482d0000.eth2 end0: PHY [stmmac-0:01] driver [RTL821) [ 13.708507] dwmac4: Master AXI performs any burst length [ 13.708581] stm32-dwmac 482d0000.eth2 end0: No Safety Features support found [ 13.729714] stm32-dwmac 482d0000.eth2 end0: IEEE 1588-2008 Advanced Timestamd [ 13.738569] stm32-dwmac 482d0000.eth2 end0: registered PTP clock [ 13.747704] stm32-dwmac 482d0000.eth2 end0: FPE workqueue start [ 13.748127] stm32-dwmac 482d0000.eth2 end0: configuring for phy/rgmii-id line [ OK ] Created slice User Slice of UID 1000. Starting User Runtime Directory /run/user/1000... [ OK ] Finished User Runtime Directory /run/user/1000. Starting User Manager for UID 1000... [ OK ] Started User Manager for UID 1000. [ OK ] Started Session c1 of User weston. ST OpenSTLinux - Weston - (A Yocto Project Based Distro) 5.0.15-openstlinux-6.60 stm32mp2-e3-eb-e0 login: root (automatic login) root@stm32mp2-e3-eb-e0:~#
3. Basic commands[edit | edit source]
3.1. Printing distribution specific information[edit | edit source]
root@stm32mp2-e3-ec-26:~# cat /etc/build
-----------------------
Build Configuration: |
-----------------------
BB_VERSION = 2.8.0
BUILD_SYS = x86_64-linux
NATIVELSBSTRING = universal
TARGET_SYS = aarch64-ostl-linux
MACHINE = stm32mp2
DISTRO = openstlinux-weston
DISTRO_VERSION = 5.0.8-openstlinux-6.6-yocto-scarthgap-mpu-v25.06.11
TUNE_FEATURES = aarch64 crc cortexa35
TARGET_FPU =
MANIFESTVERSION = ostl-v25-06-11-4-g544d3bf223e7dcacf1cc6a0a18fa1173859206cd
DISTRO_CODENAME = scarthgap
ACCEPT_EULA_stm32mp2 = 1
GCCVERSION = 13.%
PREFERRED_PROVIDER_virtual/kernel = linux-stm32mp
MACHINE_FEATURES = usbhost usbgadget alsa screen ext2 pci splashscreen watchdog bluetooth wifi gpu openvx opencl vulkan m33copro m0copro optee tpm2 initrd autoresize fip fw-update rtc qemu-usermode
-----------------------
Layer Revisions: |
-----------------------
meta-python = v6.1.xml:e92d0173a80ea7592c866618ef5293203c50544c
meta-oe = v6.1.xml:e92d0173a80ea7592c866618ef5293203c50544c
meta-gnome = v6.1.xml:e92d0173a80ea7592c866618ef5293203c50544c
meta-multimedia = v6.1.xml:e92d0173a80ea7592c866618ef5293203c50544c
meta-networking = v6.1.xml:e92d0173a80ea7592c866618ef5293203c50544c
meta-webserver = v6.1.xml:e92d0173a80ea7592c866618ef5293203c50544c
meta-st-stm32mp = v6.1.xml:8059a1b02e283d15eb27afce38b589f7a2592ffa
meta-st-openstlinux = v6.1.xml:36e7f5643abe7d02b110f300231296b485ffc51c
meta = v6.1.xml:cd2b6080a4c0f2ed2c9939ec0b87763aef595048
3.2. Printing system information[edit | edit source]
root@stm32mp2-e3-eb-e0:~# uname -a Linux stm32mp2-e3-eb-e0 6.6.116 #1 SMP PREEMPT Sun Nov 2 13:14:42 UTC 2025 aarch64 GNU/Linux
3.3. Printing Linux kernel and GCC versions[edit | edit source]
root@stm32mp2-e3-eb-e0:~# cat /proc/version Linux version 6.6.116 (oe-user@oe-host) (aarch64-ostl-linux-gcc (GCC) 13.4.0, GNU ld (GNU Binutils) 2.42.0.20240723) #1 SMP PREEMPT 5
3.4. Printing the amount of disk space available on all mounted file systems[edit | edit source]
root@stm32mp2-e3-eb-e0:~# df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on devtmpfs 1.8G 0 1.8G 0% /dev /dev/mmcblk0p10 3.8G 587M 3.0G 17% / tmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /dev/shm tmpfs 755M 9.0M 746M 2% /run tmpfs 1.9G 8.0K 1.9G 1% /tmp /dev/mmcblk0p8 55M 21M 30M 41% /boot /dev/mmcblk0p9 228M 27M 185M 13% /vendor /dev/mmcblk0p11 9.9G 64M 9.3G 1% /usr/local tmpfs 1.9G 16K 1.9G 1% /var/volatile tmpfs 378M 8.0K 378M 1% /run/user/1000 tmpfs 378M 4.0K 378M 1% /run/user/0 root@stm32mp2-e3-eb-e0:~#
3.5. ssh connection[edit | edit source]
Applicable when USBC cable is on CN15 or when the Ethernet cable is connected.
- Get the IP address of your board
ip addr show usb0 6: usb0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel state UP gro0 link/ether xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet xx.xx.xx.xx/xx brd xx.xx.xx.xx scope global usb0 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 xxxx::xx:xx:xx:xx/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
or
ip addr show eth0 3: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc mq state UP group default qlen 1000 link/ether xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet xx.xx.xx.xx/xx brd xx.xx.xx.xx scope global dynamic eth0 valid_lft 159045sec preferred_lft 159045sec inet6 xxxx::xx:xx:xx:xx/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
- On the host computer, connect the terminal to the board using ssh
ssh root@xx.xx.xx.xx
root@stm32mp2-e3-ec-26:~#
Arm® is a registered trademark of Arm Limited (or its subsidiaries) in the US and/or elsewhere. 